Asthma Deaths Hit Decade High as Dementia Tops Australia's Causes 2026

Asthma deaths have reached decade-high levels in Australia, while dementia has become the leading cause of death for the first time, according to new data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). The figures highlight growing public health challenges and raise urgent questions about funding and support.

The ABS data, released on Tuesday, shows there were 188,421 deaths registered in 2025. Of these, 19,019 were caused by dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease, accounting for more than 10% of all deaths for the first time.

Dementia Now Australia's Leading Cause of Death

Dementia has been the leading cause of death in Australia since 2024, and the latest figures confirm its growing impact. Prof Tanya Buchanan, chief executive of Dementia Australia, said the data underlines the critical need for more recognition and funding to support people living with dementia, their families and carers.

There are an estimated 446,500 Australians currently living with dementia, and a further 1.7 million people involved in their care. Buchanan noted that despite the growing impact of dementia, investment in specific services, supports and prevention have not kept pace, and stigma surrounding the condition persists.

Asthma Deaths at Decade High

The ABS data also revealed the highest number of asthma deaths recorded in a decade. While the exact figure was not specified in the excerpt, the trend is alarming given that asthma is a manageable condition for most people.

Asthma deaths are often preventable with proper management, access to medication, and regular check-ups. The rise suggests gaps in care, possibly exacerbated by factors such as respiratory infections, air quality, or barriers to healthcare access.

Other Leading Causes of Death

The other leading causes of death in 2025 were ischaemic heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases (such as stroke), lung cancer, and chronic respiratory diseases. These conditions remain significant public health priorities.

• Dementia deaths exceeded 10% of all deaths for the first time.
• Asthma deaths reached their highest level in a decade.
• Heart disease and stroke remain among the top killers.
• Over 446,500 Australians live with dementia, with 1.7 million carers involved.
• Calls for increased funding and reduced stigma around dementia.

What This Means for Australians

The rising dementia numbers reflect Australia's ageing population, but they also signal a need for better support systems. Buchanan's call for more funding is echoed by health experts who argue that prevention and early intervention are key.

For asthma, the decade-high death toll is a wake-up call for better management and awareness. Simple measures like adhering to treatment plans and avoiding triggers can save lives.

Comparison of Leading Causes of Death

What to Watch Next

Advocates will be pushing for increased funding for dementia services and asthma management programs. The government may face pressure to address these rising trends through public health campaigns and improved healthcare access.

As the population ages, dementia deaths are likely to continue rising, making it crucial to invest in research, care, and support. Similarly, asthma deaths must be reversed through better education and healthcare delivery.

As these health issues gain attention, other areas of Australian policy are also evolving. For instance, NDIS autism reforms are set to affect 145,000 Australians, highlighting the broader challenges in disability support.

In healthcare, voluntary assisted dying is now legal in all Australian states, reflecting changing attitudes toward end-of-life care. These developments intersect with the dementia conversation, as many patients and families grapple with complex decisions.

Meanwhile, medicinal cannabis THC levels have drawn scrutiny as Australians are prescribed high doses, raising safety questions. Such issues underscore the need for evidence-based policies across health and social care.

On the financial side, cash settlements on home insurance claims are leaving some Australians vulnerable, a reminder that broader economic factors affect health outcomes. Access to stable housing and financial security are social determinants of health.

Finally, a safety review of medicinal cannabis THC levels in Australia is underway, which could impact prescribing practices. As the nation grapples with rising dementia and asthma deaths, a holistic approach to public health is essential.