Daily smoking rates in Australia have fallen to a historic low of 5.6% among those aged 14 and above, according to the latest Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) National Drug Strategy Household Survey. This marks a significant drop from 8.3% in 2022–23, surpassing the federal government’s 2025 target of less than 10%. The data, released in 2025, shows Australia is on track to meet the 2030 goal of 5% or less daily smoking prevalence.
Illicit Tobacco Use on the Rise Among Smokers
Despite the overall decline in smoking, the survey reveals a troubling trend: illicit tobacco use has surged. Among current smokers, 34% reported using illicit tobacco in 2025, up sharply from 16.7% in 2022-23. About 22% purchased branded illicit tobacco without plain packaging or health warnings, while one in six smoked unbranded products sold loose in plastic bags. More than half (57%) of those buying branded illicit tobacco sourced it from tobacconists.
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What Is Driving Illicit Tobacco Consumption?
Experts point to high excise taxes and strict regulations as key factors pushing smokers toward the black market. The Cancer Council Australia’s CEO, Jacinta Reddan, noted that while overall nicotine use is declining, the shift to illicit products undermines public health efforts. The AIHW found that overall nicotine use fell to 15.2% in 2025, from 17.4% in 2022-23, including vapes, pouches, and cessation products.
Comparison of Smoking and Illicit Tobacco Trends
| Indicator | 2022-23 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| Daily smoking rate (14+ years) | 8.3% | 5.6% |
| Illicit tobacco use among smokers | 16.7% | 34% |
| Never smoked (14+ years) | ~65% | >67% |
| Overall nicotine use | 17.4% | 15.2% |
Key Takeaways from the 2025 Survey
- Historic low: Daily smoking dropped to 5.6%, the lowest ever recorded.
- Illicit tobacco surge: One in three smokers now uses illegal products, doubling since 2022-23.
- Never-smokers at record high: Over two-thirds of Australians have never smoked.
- Nicotine use declining: Overall consumption fell, including vapes and cessation aids.
- Policy implications: Stronger enforcement needed to combat black market tobacco.
What This Means for Public Health
The data underscores the success of Australia’s anti-smoking campaigns, but the rise of illicit tobacco poses new challenges. Public health officials urge continued investment in cessation programs and stricter border controls. The Cancer Council called for a comprehensive approach to address both legal and illegal tobacco markets.
FAQ
What is the current daily smoking rate in Australia?
As of 2025, the daily smoking rate among Australians aged 14 and above is 5.6%, a historic low according to the AIHW survey.
Why is illicit tobacco use increasing in Australia?
High tobacco taxes and strict regulations have driven smokers to the black market, with 34% of current smokers reporting illicit tobacco use in 2025.
Is overall nicotine use declining in Australia?
Yes, overall nicotine use fell to 15.2% in 2025 from 17.4% in 2022-23, including vapes, pouches, and cessation products.
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