Autism and ADHD care complaints in England have more than tripled in five years, according to official figures, highlighting a growing crisis in neurodevelopmental services. The NHS ombudsman warns of years-long waits and patients paying thousands for private care, as demand outstrips capacity.
The Sharp Rise in Complaints
Complaints about autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) services in England rose from 410 in 2021-22 to 1,257 in 2025-26—an increase of over 200%. This surge reflects the dramatic rise in referrals and the number of people waiting for assessment, treatment, and support.
Open NHS referrals for ADHD and autism have reached roughly 562,000, with more than 60% of adults and children facing waiting lists exceeding a year. Prescribing data also shows historic multi-year increases, indicating a systemic pressure that is not being addressed.
Impact on Patients: Stories from the Frontline
The ombudsman's report includes harrowing cases: one woman was removed from an ADHD medication waiting list without warning after almost four years, leaving her without needed support for six months. Another patient received an autism assessment lasting just 50 minutes, failing to follow NICE guidelines. A man referred to a non-operational ADHD service ended up paying nearly £4,000 for private treatment.
These examples illustrate the human cost of the crisis, where vulnerable individuals are left without care, often resorting to expensive private options or falling through the cracks entirely.
Why Are Complaints Rising?
Several factors contribute to the spike: increased awareness and diagnosis rates, underfunding of mental health services, and a lack of specialized professionals. The parliamentary and health service ombudsman, Paula Sussex, noted that ADHD and autism services are “under significant pressure, with demand outstripping capacity,” and that “commissioning cannot solve these supply constraints alone.”
Comparison: Before and After the Surge
| Metric | 2021-22 | 2025-26 |
|---|---|---|
| Complaints | 410 | 1,257 |
| Open referrals | ~200,000 | ~562,000 |
| Waiting >1 year | ~40% | ~60% |
Key Takeaways for Patients and Families
- Complaints have tripled, indicating systemic failures in care delivery.
- Waiting lists are long; patients should seek advice on their rights.
- Private care is a costly alternative, but not accessible to all.
- NHS ombudsman is calling for urgent action to address capacity.
What Needs to Change?
Experts argue for increased funding, better training for GPs, and more streamlined referral pathways. The ombudsman emphasizes that while commissioning is crucial, it alone cannot solve the problem. A multi-pronged approach involving government, health trusts, and community support is essential.
For now, patients are urged to stay informed and persistent, while advocacy groups push for systemic reforms.
FAQ
Why have autism and ADHD complaints tripled?
What is the NHS doing about the ADHD and autism care crisis?
How can patients cope with long waiting lists?
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