Cyclosporiasis, a parasitic illness that can cause explosive, watery diarrhea, has surged across the United States in a major outbreak, with nearly 1,000 cases reported in Michigan alone. This gastrointestinal infection, caused by the parasite Cyclospora cayetanensis, spreads through contaminated raw produce and water, and health officials are urging consumers to take precautions.
What Is Cyclosporiasis and How Does It Spread?
Cyclosporiasis is an intestinal infection caused by ingesting the microscopic parasite cyclospora. The parasite enters the body through food or water contaminated with human feces. In the US, outbreaks are seasonal, typically occurring between May and August, with past cases linked to imported fresh produce like lettuce, berries, and herbs.
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Current Outbreak Details
The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has reported a sharp increase in cases, with Michigan experiencing its largest outbreak in history—almost 1,000 cases versus the usual 50 per year. Ohio has also seen a spike with 177 cases as of July 2. The CDC identified shredded iceberg lettuce from Taco Bell locations in five states—Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio, and West Virginia—as a source. The FDA is investigating a single supplier, and Taco Bell has stopped using that lettuce.
| State | Reported Cases | Source Identified |
|---|---|---|
| Michigan | ~1,000 | Taco Bell lettuce |
| Ohio | 177 | Taco Bell lettuce |
| Other 17 states | 145 (CDC count) | Under investigation |
Symptoms and Health Risks
Symptoms of cyclosporiasis include watery diarrhea (often described as explosive), stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting, and fatigue. They typically appear about one week after exposure and can last for weeks if untreated. While rarely life-threatening, the illness can lead to hospitalization, especially in immunocompromised individuals. No deaths have been linked to this outbreak.
Key Takeaways for Consumers
- Avoid shredded iceberg lettuce from Taco Bell in Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio, and West Virginia.
- Wash all raw produce thoroughly under running water before eating.
- Seek medical attention if you experience persistent watery diarrhea or dehydration.
- Stay informed about FDA and CDC updates on food recalls.
Treatment and Prevention
Cyclosporiasis is treatable with a course of antibiotics, typically trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Prevention focuses on proper food hygiene: washing fruits and vegetables, avoiding raw produce in outbreak areas, and drinking clean water. The CDC advises consumers to discard any suspect lettuce and monitor for symptoms.
FAQ
What is cyclosporiasis?
Cyclosporiasis is a gastrointestinal illness caused by the parasite Cyclospora cayetanensis, which spreads through contaminated food or water and causes explosive diarrhea.
How is cyclosporiasis treated?
It is treated with antibiotics such as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Early diagnosis is key to reducing symptom duration.
Can cyclosporiasis be prevented?
Yes, by washing all raw produce, avoiding potentially contaminated lettuce, and practicing good hand hygiene. The CDC recommends staying updated on outbreak alerts.
As the outbreak evolves, health officials continue to monitor cases and trace contamination sources. If you experience symptoms after consuming suspect lettuce, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
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