Australia STI Rates Surge: Gonorrhoea and Syphilis Cases Rise 2026

Australia STI rates have surged over the past decade, with reported cases of gonorrhoea and infectious syphilis increasing by more than 50%, according to new data from UNSW’s Kirby Institute. The concerning trend includes a significant rise among women, prompting experts to call for urgent action.

Gonorrhoea and Syphilis Cases on the Rise

Newly collated sexual health data reveals 42,393 gonorrhoea notifications and 5,986 infectious syphilis notifications were recorded in 2025. These figures represent 10-year increases of 57% and 56%, respectively. Both are bacterial infections that can cause serious health complications if left untreated, but are curable when detected early.

Concerning Increase Among Women

While men accounted for the majority of cases—73% of gonorrhoea and 78% of infectious syphilis notifications—the data flagged a worrying rise among women. Syphilis notification rates increased by 167% among women, compared with 39% among men. Experts suggest this reflects an increase in heterosexual transmission.

Dr Skye McGregor, an epidemiologist at the Kirby Institute, described the trend as “an urgent priority” due to the risks posed by syphilis during pregnancy. “It’s really concerning because the rise among women has contributed to syphilis in pregnancy, which can lead to congenital syphilis and serious outcomes for babies,” she said.

Why Are STI Rates Increasing?

Several factors may contribute to the rising rates, including increased testing, changes in sexual behavior, and reduced condom use. The report also notes that a significant proportion of transmission continues to occur through male-to-male sexual contact among gay and bisexual men.

Comparison of STI Rates Over Time

Key Takeaways

• Gonorrhoea and syphilis rates in Australia have risen by over 50% in the past decade.
• Syphilis rates among women have increased by 167%, raising concerns about congenital syphilis.
• Both infections are curable with early detection and treatment.
• Regular testing and safe sex practices are essential to curb the rise.

Prevention and Testing

Health authorities emphasize the importance of regular STI testing, especially for sexually active individuals with new or multiple partners. Using condoms and other barrier methods can reduce the risk of transmission. Pregnant women should be tested for syphilis to prevent congenital syphilis.

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