France is relaxing cheese production rules after a severe drought and heatwaves dried up grazing pastures, threatening traditional dairy livelihoods. The government announced temporary changes for Comté, Beaufort, and Abondance, all protected by the AOP label, to allow supplemental feed.
Drought Impact on French Pastures
In July, drought affected 95% of mainland France, turning lush green pastures yellow and bare. This severe condition left dairy cows without sufficient grazing, endangering the production of famous cheeses like Comté, which saw over 62,000 tonnes produced last year.
Farmers in the Jura mountains and the Alps faced a crisis as their animals lacked adequate forage. The government's response aims to balance traditional methods with immediate survival needs.
Understanding AOP Cheese Regulations
AOP (Appellation d'Origine Protégée) ensures authenticity and protects traditional farming. Producers must follow strict rules on grazing areas and animal diet. However, exceptional circumstances like drought require flexibility.
The National Institute of Origin and Quality (INAO) has authorized temporary use of fodder and grain from other regions, a significant departure from usual practices.

Temporary Measures for Producers
Producers of Comté, Beaufort, and Abondance can now supplement animal diets with imported feed. This measure is designed to sustain production without permanently altering the cheeses' characteristics.
The relaxation is temporary, aiming to preserve both the livelihood of dairy workers and the quality of these iconic cheeses.
Cheese Production Comparison
| Cheese | Region | Production (2022) | Grazing Rule Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Comté | Jura Mountains | 62,000 tonnes | Allowed supplemental feed |
| Beaufort | Alps | ~4,500 tonnes | Allowed supplemental feed |
| Abondance | Alps | ~2,000 tonnes | Allowed supplemental feed |
Key Takeaways for Cheese Lovers
- Drought has forced France to relax AOP rules for three major cheeses.
- Supplemental feed will be allowed temporarily to maintain production.
- Consumers can expect no immediate change in cheese quality or taste.
- The measure reflects the growing impact of climate change on traditional agriculture.
FAQ
Will the taste of Comté change?
How long will the relaxed rules last?
What does AOP mean for consumers?
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