The CDC has officially declared the largest multi-state cyclospora outbreak in US history over, ending a foodborne illness crisis linked to contaminated iceberg lettuce from Taylor Farms in central Mexico.
The outbreak, which infected 12,883 people across 21 states, led to 570 hospitalizations and two deaths, according to federal health officials. The CDC announced on Friday that there is no longer a risk of illness from this source, as all product best-by dates have passed and the lettuce is no longer available in stores or restaurants.
What Was the Cyclospora Outbreak?
Cyclospora is a parasite that causes cyclosporiasis, an intestinal illness characterized by diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, stomach cramps, bloating, gas, nausea, and fatigue. The outbreak was traced to packaged iceberg lettuce from Taylor Farms, which was recalled in August after a surge in infections.
At its peak, more than 1,000 infections occurred in a single day. Between May 1 and September 8, the CDC reported 19,595 laboratory-confirmed cases of cyclosporiasis across the US, with 12,883 linked to the contaminated lettuce. Cases were reported in 49 states and Washington DC. The median age of those infected was 46, with women accounting for 56% of cases and men 44%. Michigan was among the hardest-hit states, reporting over 14,000 cases.
Timeline of the Outbreak and Recall
The outbreak began in May, with cases steadily rising through the summer. By August, the CDC and FDA had identified the source and initiated a recall of the affected lettuce. The number of new infections dropped significantly following the recall, with fewer than two infections per day on average by August.
The CDC worked with state health departments to track the outbreak and monitor the decline. The last reported case was in early September, and with the passing of the product's best-by dates, the outbreak is now considered over.
Key Takeaways from the Cyclospora Outbreak
- Largest outbreak: 12,883 infections linked to contaminated lettuce, the largest multi-state cyclospora outbreak in US history.
- Source identified: Taylor Farms iceberg lettuce from central Mexico was the cause.
- Recall effective: Infections dropped sharply after the recall, with fewer than two per day by August.
- No current risk: All affected products are past their best-by dates and no longer available.
- Prevention matters: Proper washing and handling of produce can reduce risk of foodborne illness.
Comparing Cyclospora Outbreaks
This outbreak dwarfs previous cyclospora incidents in the US. Here's how it compares to other notable outbreaks:
| Outbreak Year | Linked Source | Confirmed Cases |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | Taylor Farms iceberg lettuce | 12,883 |
| 2018 | Fresh Express salad mix | 511 |
| 2015 | Cilantro from Mexico | 546 |
| 2013 | Bagged salad mix | 631 |
The 2023 outbreak is by far the largest, highlighting the importance of food safety measures in the produce industry.
What Consumers Should Know
While the immediate threat has passed, consumers should remain vigilant about food safety. Cyclospora is not killed by routine washing or sanitizing, as it is resistant to many common disinfectants. However, cooking produce thoroughly can kill the parasite. The CDC recommends washing fresh produce under running water before eating, cutting, or cooking, and refrigerating cut, peeled, or cooked produce within two hours.
If you experience symptoms like prolonged diarrhea, stomach cramps, or fatigue, consult a healthcare provider. Cyclosporiasis is treatable with antibiotics, and early diagnosis can prevent severe complications.
FAQ
Is the cyclospora outbreak really over?
Yes, the CDC declared the outbreak over on Friday. All products linked to the outbreak are past their best-by dates and no longer available in stores or restaurants, so there is no current risk of infection from this source.
What are the symptoms of cyclosporiasis?
Symptoms include watery diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, stomach cramps, bloating, gas, nausea, and fatigue. They typically appear about a week after infection and can last for weeks or months if untreated.
How can I prevent cyclospora infection?
Wash fresh produce thoroughly under running water, practice good hand hygiene, and avoid consuming raw or undercooked foods that may be contaminated. Cooking food thoroughly kills the parasite.
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