UK fossil export controls are under scrutiny after an MP called for significant fossils to be classified as national treasures, following the sale of a remarkable Jurassic Coast collection to Abu Dhabi. The collection, amassed by Dorset-based collector Chris Moore, includes hundreds of specimens such as ichthyosaurs and was sold for an eight-figure sum, according to a Guardian investigation. This has sparked a debate about whether the UK's export regulations adequately protect its natural heritage.
The Sale That Sparked the Debate
The fossils were initially offered to the Natural History Museum in London and Amgueddfa Cymru (Museum Wales), but neither could afford the asking price. Senior figures at Lyme Regis Museum, which was not informed of the sale, have now called for changes to how fossil discoveries are recorded and sold. Bridget Houseago, the museum's director, wrote to Liberal Democrat MP Edward Morello, highlighting a critical gap in the law.
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Why Fossils Are Excluded from Export Controls
Current UK cultural goods export controls are designed to retain objects of outstanding national importance, but they only apply to items that are “made” – such as paintings, sculptures, or manuscripts. Natural history specimens like fossils are not considered “made,” so they can be sold abroad without an export licence. This loophole means that unique and irreplaceable fossils can leave the country without any opportunity for UK institutions to acquire them.
Dr Jonathan Evans, chair of trustees at Lyme Regis (Philpot) Museum trust, expressed frustration: “The museum was not approached either by Chris Moore, by the NHM or National Museum Wales.” This lack of transparency undermines the public interest and leaves local museums unable to compete.
Comparing Export Controls: Cultural Goods vs. Fossils
| Category | Export Licence Required? | Legal Basis | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cultural goods (e.g., paintings) | Yes | “Made” objects of outstanding importance | A Turner painting |
| Fossils and natural history specimens | No | Not “made” – excluded from current rules | Ichthyosaur skeleton |
This table illustrates the stark difference in treatment. While a painting of national significance can be temporarily barred from export to allow a UK buyer to step forward, a fossil of equal scientific value has no such protection.

What Needs to Change
MP Edward Morello is now pressing ministers to amend export controls to include fossils and other natural history items. The goal is to give UK museums a fair chance to retain these treasures for public display and research. The case of the Moore collection is a wake-up call, as it represents one of the best private collections from the Lower Lias of Dorset, containing several unique specimens.
Key Takeaways
- Fossils are currently excluded from UK export controls because they are not “made” objects.
- The sale of the Moore collection to Abu Dhabi highlights the need for reform.
- Local museums like Lyme Regis were not given the opportunity to acquire the fossils.
- Changes could require export licences for significant fossils, allowing time for UK institutions to raise funds.
FAQ
FAQ
Why are fossils not covered by UK export controls?
Fossils are considered natural history specimens, not “made” objects. The current export controls apply only to cultural goods that are manufactured, such as paintings or sculptures, leaving fossils unprotected.
What would change if fossils were classified as national treasures?
If fossils were included, an export licence would be required for significant specimens. This would give UK museums a window to raise funds and keep them in the country, similar to how important artworks are handled.
How can the public support this cause?
Concerned citizens can write to their MPs, sign petitions, and support local museums. Raising awareness about the loophole is crucial to pressuring the government to act.
The call to reform UK fossil export controls is gaining momentum. As the Moore collection demonstrates, without legal protection, the UK risks losing its natural heritage to overseas buyers. It's time for the law to catch up with the value of these irreplaceable scientific treasures.
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