The Hōlei Sea Arch in Hawaii has collapsed into the Pacific Ocean, marking the end of a centuries-old landmark that had stood for over 550 years. The National Park Service confirmed the collapse on Friday, following weeks of rough storms in the region.
What Happened to Hawaii's Hōlei Sea Arch?
The beloved sea arch, which stood about 90 feet high, was located in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park on the Big Island's southern coast. It was naturally formed around 550 years ago through differential erosion by ocean waves. The exact timing of the collapse is unknown, but the arch was standing on September 23 during Tropical Storm Nolo and had fallen by Sunday night, September 27.
A Long-Anticipated Collapse
The cliffs around the arch had shown instability for years due to tropical systems and volcanic activity. Earthquakes during the 2018 Kīlauea eruption damaged the surrounding cliffs, and new cracks appeared in January 2020. The National Park Service noted that the collapse had long been expected.
The Geological Story of Hōlei Sea Arch
According to the US Geological Survey, the arch formed in ancient lava flows as rock was removed along cracks and weaker areas. "It will not be here for ever," the USGS stated in 2014. "Every day the ocean crashes against the pillar of the arch, eroding it a little more. One day, it will be gone."
How Erosion Created and Destroyed the Arch
Wave action gradually wore away softer rock, leaving a natural arch. Over centuries, the constant pounding of the Pacific Ocean weakened the structure until it could no longer support itself.
Impact on Hawaii Volcanoes National Park
The loss of the Hōlei Sea Arch is a significant change for the park, which attracts visitors from around the world. The arch was a popular viewpoint along the Chain of Craters Road. While the arch is gone, the park remains open, and other natural wonders continue to draw tourists.
What Visitors Should Know
- The arch collapsed sometime between September 23 and 27.
- The area may have unstable cliffs; heed all warning signs.
- Other attractions in the park, like Kīlauea Caldera, are still accessible.
- Check the NPS website for current conditions and closures.
Comparing Hawaii's Sea Arches
Hawaii has several sea arches, each with unique features. The table below compares Hōlei Sea Arch with other notable arches before its collapse.
| Arch Name | Location | Height | Age | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hōlei Sea Arch | Hawaii Volcanoes NP | 90 ft | ~550 years | Collapsed 2020 |
| Opaekaa Falls Arch | Kauai | N/A | Unknown | Intact |
| Makauwahi Cave Arch | Kauai | N/A | Thousands of years | Intact |
Frequently Asked Questions
When did the Hōlei Sea Arch collapse?
The arch collapsed sometime between September 23 and September 27, 2020. It was last seen standing on September 23 before Tropical Storm Nolo, and was discovered gone by Sunday night, September 27.
Why did the Hōlei Sea Arch collapse?
The collapse was due to natural erosion and weakening from ocean waves, exacerbated by earthquakes during the 2018 Kīlauea eruption and recent tropical storms. The National Park Service had expected the collapse for years.
Can I still visit the area where the arch was?
Yes, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park remains open, but the area around the former arch may have unstable cliffs. Visitors should follow all safety warnings and check with the National Park Service for current conditions.
Key Takeaways
- The Hōlei Sea Arch collapsed into the Pacific Ocean after standing for over 550 years.
- The collapse was a result of natural erosion and was accelerated by storms and earthquakes.
- The arch was a iconic landmark in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park.
- Visitors should exercise caution in the area due to potential cliff instability.
The loss of the Hōlei Sea Arch is a reminder of the dynamic forces that shape our planet. While the arch is gone, its legacy lives on in photographs and memories, and the park continues to offer breathtaking views of Hawaii's volcanic landscape.
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