Extreme Heat Is Boosting Cold Vacations in Scotland and Hurting Spain 2026

Extreme heat is driving a new trend in travel: cold vacations. As summer temperatures in southern Europe soar above 40°C (104°F), tourists are increasingly seeking cooler destinations, and this shift is creating winners and losers in the tourism industry.

Take Johanna, a 25-year-old German university student who loves visiting Spain. This year, she broke her usual ritual of traveling in July or August and instead went in May, before the extreme heat waves hit. Her story, shared with El País, illustrates how climate change is altering tourism dynamics, penalizing some destinations and revitalizing others.

One region emerging as a clear beneficiary is the Highlands of Scotland. With its mild summers and dramatic landscapes, it's becoming an attractive alternative for heat-weary travelers.

Why Thermal Comfort Matters More Than Ever

Experts increasingly agree that the question is no longer whether climate change will affect tourism, but how it is already doing so. A group of scientists recently warned in SMC about the impact of heat waves on traveler flows in Spain. They noted that while there is no evidence yet of a decline in Spain's overall appeal, changes in international demand patterns are beginning to appear.

Thermal comfort—a key concept—is playing a growing role in tourists' decisions. Travelers are now asking: Where should I go? When should I travel? How long should I stay? These questions are increasingly influenced by temperature and weather extremes.

Scotland's Highlands: The Unexpected Winner

The Highlands have seen a surge in popularity as travelers seek refuge from the scorching heat. With average summer temperatures ranging from 15°C to 20°C (59°F to 68°F), the region offers a comfortable escape. Its rugged mountains, lochs, and historic castles provide a unique experience that appeals to those looking to avoid the crowds and heat of traditional Mediterranean destinations.

This shift is not just about comfort; it's also about safety. Extreme heat can pose health risks, especially for vulnerable populations like the elderly and young children. As a result, more families and older travelers are opting for cooler climates.

Spain's Challenge: Adapting to a Hotter Future

Spain, long a top tourist destination, faces a dilemma. Its beaches, culture, and cuisine remain major draws, but the increasing frequency and intensity of heat waves are prompting some travelers to reconsider. The country is not losing its appeal entirely, but the timing of visits is changing.

As Johanna's case shows, tourists are shifting their trips to spring and autumn, avoiding the peak summer heat. This could have economic implications for Spain's tourism sector, which relies heavily on summer visitors. The Spanish government and tourism industry are exploring ways to adapt, such as promoting indoor attractions and extending the season.

What This Means for the Travel Industry

The trend toward cold vacations is likely to accelerate as climate change intensifies. Destinations that can offer comfortable temperatures and unique experiences will gain a competitive edge. Scotland's Highlands, with its cool climate and natural beauty, is well-positioned to capitalize on this shift. The background to this story is set out in Extreme Heat Breaks Records in Central and Eastern Europe. A related thread runs through Air Conditioners: The Key to Surviving Extreme Heat. Earlier coverage in Extreme Heat Reshapes Elite Sport: Adaptation Imperative shows how the argument developed.

However, this also presents challenges. Popular cool destinations may face overcrowding and environmental pressure. Sustainable tourism practices will be essential to preserve these areas for future generations. A closer look at the same subject appears in Extreme Heat Saps Income of India's Poorest Workers. Anyone following the wider picture can start with Extreme Heat Sinks Incomes of India's Poorest Workers. The same theme surfaces in Extreme Heat Threatens Elite Sport: The Need for Adaptation, which takes a different angle.

For travelers, the message is clear: plan ahead and consider the climate when choosing your destination. Extreme heat is no longer a distant threat; it's a reality that is reshaping where and when we travel. Context on how this played out before sits in Southern California Heatwave: October Heat Risks and Safety. A companion piece, England Heat Deaths Surge: Record Summer Predicted, approaches the same subject from another angle.

• Thermal comfort is increasingly influencing tourists' destination and timing choices.
• Scotland's Highlands are benefiting from the shift toward cooler vacations.
• Spain is seeing changes in demand patterns, with more travelers opting for spring or autumn visits.
• The tourism industry must adapt to climate change by promoting off-season travel and indoor attractions.
• Sustainable practices are needed to prevent overcrowding in newly popular cool destinations.

Comparing Traditional and Emerging Destinations

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