Højesteret underkender statslige forbud mod konverteringsterapi med henvisning til ytringsfrihed 2026

Sofia Alvarez, JD
Supreme Court Strikes Down State Conversion Therapy Bans Free Speech
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Den amerikanske højesteret afsagde den 31. marts 2026 en skelsættende dom i sagen Chiles v. Salazar, hvor den omstødte en lov i Colorado, der forbød licenserede terapeuter at udføre såkaldt konverteringsterapi på mindreårige.

Afgørelsen på 8-1, skrevet af dommer Neil Gorsuch, slår fast, at statens licensmyndighed ikke kan bruges til at begrænse de synspunkter, som professionelle udtrykker over for klienter – en afgørelse med vidtrækkende implikationer for regulering af professionel tale på landsplan.


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Hvad Højesteret afgjorde

Flertallet fastslog, at Colorados forbud mod konverteringsterapi – defineret som praksisser, der sigter mod at ændre en mindreårigs seksuelle orientering eller kønsidentitet – udgjorde en synspunktbaseret regulering af tale, der er underlagt streng prøvelse i henhold til det første tillæg.

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Staten argumenterede for, at forbuddet var en legitim regulering af professionel adfærd, men Højesteret afviste denne ramme og fandt, at loven rettede sig mod indholdet af terapeutiske samtaler snarere end mod nogen specifik handling.

Højesteret afviser Colorados forbud mod konverteringsterapi

Dommer Jacksons dissens

Dommer Ketanji Brown Jackson var den eneste dissenter og argumenterede for, at flertallets ræsonnement farligt udvider det første tillæg til at beskytte skadelige professionelle praksisser. Hun advarede om, at afgørelsen kunne bruges til at udfordre en bred vifte af professionelle licensreguleringer – fra krav om informeret samtykke i sundhedssektoren til oplysningskrav for finansielle rådgivere – ved at omdefinere dem som begrænsninger af ytringsfriheden.

Implikationer for andre stater

Mindst 20 stater har love, der begrænser konverteringsterapi for mindreårige. Afgørelsen gør reelt disse love forfatningsstridige, når de anvendes på licenserede mentale sundhedsprofessionelle. LGBTQ-fortalerorganisationer har fordømt beslutningen og advarer om, at den vil udsætte sårbare unge for miskrediterede praksisser, som store medicinske organisationer – herunder American Medical Association og American Psychological Association – har klassificeret som skadelige.

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Bredere ytringsfrihedsdoktrin

Juridiske eksperter bemærker, at afgørelsen markant udvider rækkevidden af professionel taledoktrin og kan påberåbes i fremtidige udfordringer mod en bred vifte af sundhedsreguleringer. Beslutningen forventes at føre til yderligere retssager, der tester grænserne for statens myndighed til at regulere, hvad licenserede fagfolk kan sige til deres klienter i forbindelse med levering af terapeutiske, medicinske og finansielle tjenester.

 

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Sofia Alvarez, JD

Author

Sofia Alvarez, JD

Sofia Alvarez, JD, is a legal analyst specializing in international and EU law, translating complex regulations into accessible insights on policy, rights, and compliance.


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