A History of the Novel in Britain by Philip Hensher is a masterpiece of criticism that offers a joined-up account of British fiction from Daniel Defoe to the present. Hensher, a novelist himself, brings a practitioner's eye to the evolution of the novel, making this book both informative and a pleasure to read.
The Novel's Origin and Evolution
Hensher begins with Robinson Crusoe in 1719, tracing the genre's development through the 18th century. He highlights the creative call and response between Samuel Richardson and Henry Fielding, whose works like Pamela and Shamela sparked a literary rivalry that shaped the novel's form. This dynamic approach avoids the siloed academic style typical of literary surveys.
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Richardson vs. Fielding: A Publishing Duel
Hensher provides a forensic account of the financial risks and rewards of their different publishing models. Richardson, a printer, retained his copyrights, granting him autonomy, while Fielding relied on subscription and patronage. The table below summarizes their contrasting strategies.
| Aspect | Samuel Richardson | Henry Fielding |
|---|---|---|
| Publishing Model | Self-published, retained copyright | Subscription and bookseller deals |
| Key Works | Pamela, Clarissa, Sir Charles Grandison | Shamela, Joseph Andrews, Tom Jones |
| Financial Control | High autonomy, steady income | Dependent on patrons, variable earnings |
Hensher's Practitioner's Insight
As a novelist, Hensher explains technical choices like Dickens's use of present tense in Dombey and Son and Henry James's free indirect speech in What Maisie Knew. This insider perspective illuminates how narrative techniques evolved to meet changing readership demands.
Key Takeaways from the Book
- Hensher presents a continuous narrative of literary influence, not isolated chapters.
- The book emphasizes the economic realities behind literary creation.
- It celebrates the novel as a living, responsive art form.
- Hensher's prose is engaging, avoiding academic dryness.
Why This Criticism Stands Out
Unlike multi-author surveys, Hensher's single-voice account ensures coherence and depth. His 600-page journey is both a scholarly achievement and a delightful read, offering fresh perspectives on familiar classics and forgotten gems.
FAQ
What is the scope of Hensher's book?
It covers British novels from 1719 to the present, focusing on how authors influenced each other across centuries.
How does Hensher's experience as a novelist affect his criticism?
He provides practical insights into narrative techniques, such as tense choices and point of view, that academic critics might overlook.
Is this book suitable for casual readers?
Absolutely. Despite its scholarly depth, it is written with wit and clarity, making it accessible to anyone who loves novels.
In conclusion, A History of the Novel in Britain is not just a critical work but a celebration of the novel's enduring power. Hensher's masterpiece deserves a place on every literature lover's shelf.
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